HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC. Q3 2025 earnings call

Thank you, operator. Good afternoon and welcome to our third quarter 2025 financial and operating results conference call. In addition to the press release issued today after the market close, you can find a supplementary slide presentation that will be referenced during today's call in the Investor Relations section of our website. Leading the call will be Dr. Helen Torley, Halozyme's President and Chief Executive Officer, who will provide an update on our business, and Nicole LaBrosse, our Chief Financial Officer, will review our financial results as well as our outlook. On today's call, we will be making forward-looking statements as outlined on slide two. I would also refer you to our SEC filings for a full list of risks and uncertainties. During the call, both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures will be discussed.

Certain non-GAAP or adjusted financial measures are reconciled with the comparable GAAP financial measures in our earnings press release and slide presentation. I will now turn the call over to Dr. Helen Torley.

Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. I will begin on slide three. I am very pleased to report another quarter of record royalty revenue of $236 million, representing a remarkable 52% increase year-over-year, and resulting in total revenue of $354 million, representing 22% growth year-over-year. These results were driven by the continued momentum of our three established blockbuster subcutaneous therapies, Darzalex Subcutaneous, Phesgo, and VYVGART Hytrulo. Adjusted EBITDA growth exceeded top-line growth, increasing 35% over prior year's third quarter to $248 million, reflecting the strength inherent in our royalty-based business model. Our core ENHANZE drug delivery technology continues to drive the significant momentum in our business and reflects a powerful and growing opportunity for subcutaneous delivery to reshape the future of healthcare.

ENHANZE can allow treatments that once required lengthy infusions in hospitals or infusion suites to be administered in minutes more conveniently, including in the doctor's office and in the patient's home. For patients, it means less time spent traveling, fewer invasive procedures, and greater independence, all while maintaining efficacy and safety. At the same time, it is reducing the burden on the healthcare systems, lowering total cost of care, and freeing up capacity in hospitals and infusion centers. Turning now to slide four. Year to date, 13 of the 15 growth catalysts have been achieved, including new product approvals, expanded indications, reaching new regions, and achieving key reimbursement milestones across major markets. These new growth catalysts support our near and long-term revenue opportunity. This quarter, there were two notable indication approvals for our two leading growth drivers.

Firstly, Darzalex Subcutaneous received European Commission approval for a new indication in smoldering multiple myeloma, providing another meaningful growth catalyst for the franchise. Smoldering multiple myeloma is a precursor condition to active multiple myeloma, expanding Darzalex Subcutaneous' reach into a new early disease-stage patient population and potentially increasing treatment duration and the lifetime value per patient. The second indication was argenx's VYVGART Hytrulo prefilled syringe with ENHANZE, approved in Japan for self-injection for generalized myasthenia gravis and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Delivered as a once-weekly, 30-90 seconds subcutaneous injection, VYVGART can be self-administered at home, eliminating the need for lengthy infusions in clinical settings. The prefilled syringe with ENHANZE is a key enabler of broader adoption because it simplifies administration, reduces treatment burden, and potentially enhances patient adherence.

Rounding out the 15 growth catalysts, we project two additional meaningful US approvals this year: one for Darzalex Subcutaneous in smoldering multiple myeloma and the second for RYBREVANT Subcutaneous in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. I'll move now to slide five. Driven by the continued strong performance of our core ENHANZE technology, we are pleased to raise our full year 2025 guidance ranges. Driven by royalty revenues, we now project total revenue of $1.3 billion-$1.375 billion, reflecting 28%-35% growth over 2024. Royalty revenue is now expected to grow 49%-54% to $850 million-$880 million for the full year, primarily driven by our three established blockbuster subcutaneous therapies, Darzalex Subcutaneous, Phesgo, and VYVGART Hytrulo with ENHANZE. We now anticipate adjusted EBITDA of between $885 million and $935 million, representing year-over-year growth of 40%-48%. We expect non-GAAP diluted earnings per share of $6.10-$6.50, representing year-over-year growth of 44%-54%. Moving now to slide six.

Recently, we announced the acquisition of Elektrofi, furthering our vision to enable at-home administration of biologic therapies. This strategic move supports our ambition to expand our portfolio of drug delivery technologies. With Elektrofi's innovative technology, we aim to extend subcutaneous delivery to a broader range of biologics, reinforcing our focus on patient-centric drug delivery technology solutions. By applying Elektrofi's Hypercon technology, concentrations of 400-500 milligrams per ml, or as much as 4x-5x higher than many current conventional formulations, can now be achieved. This breakthrough technology will enable more drugs to be delivered at home via autoinjector, a treatment option we know is of high interest and demand for pharma and biotech companies, particularly those working in inflammation and immunology, neurology, nephrology, and oncology.

By bringing together now three innovative drug delivery technology solutions, ENHANZE, our autoinjectors, and Hypercon, we will create a new commercial opportunity for our partners and further strengthen Halozyme's role as a partner of choice in patient-centered drug delivery, expanding our long-term growth horizon. Moving now to slide seven. Importantly, Hypercon is at a value inflection point. The three partner agreements in place have resulted in two products projected to enter the clinic and begin clinical development of the Hypercon formulation by the end of 2026 or earlier. Each of these two products, as a different formulation, is already approved and has achieved blockbuster sales already. With Halozyme's established expertise in subcutaneous drug delivery, we are well positioned to identify opportunities to accelerate the time to approval and to unlock significant new revenue potential through advancing new nominations and signing new agreements.

The addition of Elektrofi's Hypercon technology further enhances our offerings, enabling us to provide best-in-class solutions and maintain strong momentum in transforming the subcutaneous delivery landscape. Now, let me move to slide eight, where I will review our current growth drivers for the quarter. Let me begin with Darzalex, which continued its exceptional performance this quarter. Sales for Darzalex increased 20% on an operational basis to $3.7 billion, primarily driven by the continued strong share gains of approximately 5.7 percentage points across all lines of therapy and nearly 9 percentage points in the front-line setting, as well as through market growth. This marks the seventh consecutive quarter of front-line growth of five or more percentage points, underscoring the continued momentum of the brand.

With 96% share of sales resulting from the subcutaneous formulation with ENHANZE in the United States and more than 90% global subcutaneous share, ENHANZE is bringing value to patients earlier in treatment as they live longer on therapy. Darzalex is, and we project will remain, the gold standard of treatment for multiple myeloma, holding more than 50% market share across all lines of therapy. There are two additional new catalysts that are projected to continue the strength of Darzalex Subcutaneous. These include the recent European Commission approval of Darzalex Subcutaneous for patients with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma, which occurred in July, and it marks the first approved treatment for this early stage of the disease. We also anticipate potential U.S. approval for smoldering multiple myeloma following the FDA's favorable vote on the risk-benefit profile earlier this year.

Thank you, Helen. Our strong third-quarter performance continues to reflect the momentum of our core ENHANZE technology. Total quarterly revenues grew by approximately 22% to $354 million, with royalty revenue increasing 52% to $236 million. Adjusted EBITDA grew 35%, outpacing top-line growth and showcasing the exceptional leverage of our high-margin royalty-driven model. Let me start on slide 13. We continue to generate robust cash flow, which supports our balanced capital allocation priorities. Year to date, we repurchased $342 million of shares, with $158 million remaining under the current authorized plan. Since 2019, we have returned approximately $1.9 billion to shareholders through repurchases, representing greater than 100% of cumulative free cash flow over that period.

We have a strong balance sheet with cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities of $702 million on September 30th, 2025, compared to $596.1 million on December 31st, 2024. The increase was driven by an increase in cash generated from operations, primarily offset by share repurchases. Our net debt-to-EBITDA ratio was 0.9x at the end of the third quarter. As Helen mentioned, we announced our acquisition of Elektrofi in the third quarter, a transaction that strengthens our leadership in drug delivery and complements our strong organic growth opportunities. We are pleased that the acquisition is expected to have a minimal increase in our net leverage, estimated to be at approximately 2x net debt-to-EBITDA at closing. Our goal is to delever in the subsequent quarters, supported by our robust free cash flows. Let me now turn to our detailed third-quarter results on slide 14.

Total revenue grew 22% to $354.3 million, compared to $290.1 million in the prior year period. Royalty revenue of $236 million increased by 52% from $155.1 million in the prior year period. The commercial success of subcutaneous Darzalex, Phesgo, and VYVGART Hytrulo continue to drive robust royalty revenue growth. Product sales of $94.2 million increased by 9% from $86.7 million in the prior year period, mainly driven by the contribution from proprietary product sales. Collaboration revenues of $24 million compared to $48.4 million in the prior year period. The difference was primarily due to the timing of milestones achieved. Research and development expenses were $17.3 million, compared to $18.5 million in the prior year period.

The decrease was primarily due to lower compensation expense driven by resource optimization and labor allocation initiatives, offset by the timing of planned investments in ENHANZE related to the development of our new high-yield rHuPH20 manufacturing process. Selling, general, and administrative expenses were $46.1 million, up from $41.2 million in the prior year period, primarily due to increased consulting and professional service fees, partially offset by compensation expense. Adjusted EBITDA increased by 35% to $248.2 million, from $183.6 million in the prior year. GAAP diluted earnings per share was $1.43, and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share was $1.72. This is compared with GAAP diluted earnings per share of $1.05 and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share of $1.27 in the third quarter of 2024. Turning now to slide 15. Based on our strong performance year to date, we are raising our guidance ranges for the full year.

As a reminder, our expectations exclude the impact of the accounting treatment of the Elektrofi transaction. The final determination of whether this transaction will be accounted for as a business combination or an asset acquisition will be determined at the close. We now expect total revenues of $1.3 billion-$1.375 billion, representing year-over-year growth of 28%-35%, driven by an increase in projections for royalty revenues. Royalty revenues of $850 million-$880 million, representing year-over-year growth of 49%-54%. We continue to expect Darzalex SC, Phesgo, and VYVGART Hytrulo to drive the strong expectations, with VYVGART Hytrulo being the largest royalty dollar growth driver. Product sales of $340 million-$365 million, representing year-over-year growth of 12%-20%. Collaboration revenues of $110 million-$130 million. Adjusted EBITDA of between $885 million and $935 million, representing year-over-year growth of 40%-48%. And non-GAAP diluted EPS of $6.10-$6.50, representing year-over-year growth of 44%-54%.

Regarding the future financial expectations of our acquisition of Elektrofi, we continue to expect the transaction to be less than 5% diluted to non-GAAP diluted EPS over the medium term, excluding potential milestone payments related to the programs in development, which could offset dilution. Prior to the projected royalty revenues in 2030 and beyond. We also expect full year 2026 incremental operating expense of approximately $55 million. With that, I'll now turn the call back over to Helen.

Thank you, Nicole. In closing, our third-quarter results reflect the continued strength of our core ENHANZE business and the accelerating momentum across our partner portfolio. With 10 launch products, a robust pipeline of future royalty streams, and the addition of the Hypercon technology, we're well positioned to deliver strong revenue and shareholder value for years to come. Let me just close with a few words on Nicole.

While Nicole will be with us on our fourth-quarter call in February, I did want to take this moment to thank Nicole for her many contributions to Halozyme. These have really helped us accomplish our growth strategy to date. Throughout this time, Nicole has helped design and lead multiple financing transactions that have provided the capital that enabled the strong growth that you see today. Nicole will be transitioning to a new opportunity in 2026 when a new CFO is hired or by March 30th, 2026. Operator, with that, we are now ready to open the call for questions.

Good afternoon, Helen. I hope you're well. Yeah, on capital allocation. You're two times levered now. How do you think about paying down debt, getting an even more conservative balance sheet, and weighing that up against potential buybacks for next year, and what opportunities there, Elektrofi-like opportunities there might be out there? That's the first question. And then the second part would be, how are investors going to be able to monitor the performance of Elektrofi going forward?

Yeah. So I'll start by just saying, with regard to opportunities like Elektrofi, we are continuing to look for those opportunities, Sean, because we do believe that we're in a great position to be the partner of choice for our pharma and biotech partners as they're looking to optimize the patient treatment experience.

Keeping looking, and obviously, we will transact when we do find appropriate things. Let me ask though Nicole to comment on the capital allocation and the plan to delever.

Yeah, thanks, Sean. So we do have robust cash flows and cash growth in the coming quarters. And so while we will have a modest draw on our credit facility to fund the Elektrofi acquisition, we do expect to pay that down in the coming quarters and to delever very quickly. And so what you've seen us be able to do this year is have capital to fund share repurchases. We've done $342 million within the year and be able to fund the Elektrofi acquisition. And you'll see us continue to have that balanced approach going forward.

All right. And Sean, the last part of it, how to monitor the success of Elektrofi. I'm going to give you three metrics there.

One is we are anticipating the potential for two partner first in human starts, both with already blockbuster products in their current formulation. That will happen by the end of 2026 or before. So that will be the first metric. I do think as we work through working with Elektrofi closely, we'll be finding opportunities to develop and be able to communicate a streamlined development plan approach, which we see as another benefit of bringing our two expertise together. And then the third one, we will continue to look for Elektrofi and support. The advancement of Hypercon with the current partners potentially agreeing to move more products into the clinic from their open nomination slot or indeed signing new deals. We are very excited about the Elektrofi acquisition.

I am still in the planning phase, obviously, at this point in time, but we see great opportunity for the business synergies that are going to come from being able to bring our two companies together.

Wonderful. Thank you, Helen. Thank you, Nicole. Appreciate it.

Thanks, Sean.

Hi. Thanks for taking your questions and congrats on the quarter. Let me pass my congratulations on to Nicole as well. It's been great work. Let me start on Elektrofi. Understanding that the deal hasn't closed yet, can you talk about what you think the awareness level of the company and the technology is with your current ENHANZE partners and just any feedback you've gotten from partners on the company? Second, on a previous, can you talk a little bit about where market growth is coming from?

Are they taking share from other therapies? Are they getting used earlier in treatment? Just how should we think about how that market opportunity is growing? Thanks.

Yes, Jason. Thanks. With regard to the knowledge level of our current partners for Elektrofi, I can say we're only aware of that really by the diligence we've done because we're still at a stage of we're not talking about Elektrofi, and they're not talking about us, obviously, given that the HSR review hasn't closed. I would say just based on our diligence and market research we did prior to the acquisition, there is a good awareness of the Hypercon technology. Obviously, one of the benefits of bringing our companies together is to elevate that awareness and broaden that awareness within each of the companies based on who we're each talking with. We've received small amounts of spontaneous feedback.

Again, I think people are being thoughtful and cautious that the deal hasn't closed. A number of our partners, particularly the ones who are working with both companies, have provided feedback that I would say signals strong support for the additional opportunities that might exist of being able to work across both of our platforms. Definitely resounding support from everything that we are hearing with regard to that. On OCREVUS, yes, based on the comments that Roche made on their last call, obviously delighted to see that they grew 5,000 patients from the 7,500 patients on therapy. That was the number in the second quarter. They are saying that in US and Germany, in particular, 50% of the patients are new to brand. Jason, I didn't hear them say exactly where those patients were coming from.

I don't know if it is brand new to treatment patients or it is switched from other therapies. We haven't been provided that level of granularity. What I do obviously think is terrific to know is that this is expanding the market footprint for OCREVUS, exactly as Roche had anticipated. Now allowing patients to be treated in physician offices, community hospitals, and opening up access that was a bit restricted before because of the capacity constraints and infusion suites. Sorry, I can't answer that specifically. If we do find out about that, we will make sure to update on the next call.

Thank you.

Hi, guys. Thanks so much for taking my questions and congrats on the continued progress. Two for me.

The first, I want to expand upon the M&A question that was asked before. Obviously, your press release said in no uncertain terms that the next chapter of growth will include M&A. I guess my question is, how high are you willing to lever up for this transaction? I know you said that we can expect for you to delever in the next few quarters. I guess the ultimate question is, could we possibly expect another transaction towards the end of the year? I have a follow-up.

Yeah. Thanks for that, Mike. Obviously, our focus at the moment is completing the Elektrofi acquisition. I think I can say that it's unlikely there will be another acquisition this year. We are actively looking because we do want to be able to continue to add to our growth and our momentum that is so strong at this point in time.

Nicole, will you comment on the approach we're taking to leverage?

Yeah. As Helen noted, while we will evaluate targets, I can say from a firepower perspective, we do have the capacity. We're willing to go up to three times net leverage. We mentioned with this transaction at close, we expect to be at about two times, but that will quickly come down. There will be capacity. Again, we'll just be patient and find the right next opportunity.

I think just to kind of emphasize what Nicole said, you've seen us demonstrate a lot of patience in terms of finding the right asset, doing the appropriate diligence, and seeking to only transact and make a formal offer to the company once we have completed all of that. We will take that same very thoughtful approach. We're in a great growth position.

We're excited about the growth that's going to come from Elektrofi. Don't think of this as something we're rushing into. We're just going to continue to execute the strategy we've had in place for the last several years. Because of our strong cash flow, we're in a position to contemplate that in 2026, but only if we find it meets our criteria and is the right next move for Halozyme.

Excellent. Thank you for that, Helen. My follow-up question is, again, I know it's super early regarding Elektrofi. On the prior call, I think I asked about the potential to combine ENHANZE with Hypercon. I think you had said that feasibility studies regarding the combinability still need to be done. When might we see such studies be conducted? I'll just leave it there. Thank you.

Yeah, thanks, Mike.

Yes, it is something, obviously, that we are interested in, and it is one of the workstreams that will be one of the early conversations that we're going to have between the technical experts from both companies to determine what the path would be for that. I think my more important message is each company has its own pipeline of ongoing conversations for a great fit for each of our technologies to different partner products. That is where the initial focus is going to be, just based on the fact that for those people who are seeking a more high-volume, rapid delivery, ENHANZE is the way to go. If they are wanting a potential for an autoinjector in the patient's home, perhaps the Elektrofi technology and Hypercon is going to be a better one.

You will see the initial focus most assuredly being on pursuing those two successful strategies to date. We're interested to see can they come together, but we don't have to wait for that data. The strategy will be to pursue each of them separately as we know there's opportunity for them individually.

I see. Thanks again.

Hello. This is Adam on for Jess. Thank you for taking our question. I really just had two. Can you share your latest thoughts on potential for new ENHANZE deals near term? I think you mentioned one in the prepared remarks, but any details around that? Second, which product or products contributed the most to the guidance upside this time around? Thank you.

Yes. Let me take the first one, and then Nicole will talk about the guidance.

Adam, with regard to new deals, I did say in my prepared remarks, we're very confident to have a new deal this year. That confidence comes from proximity of completion of discussions. We have several discussions that are ongoing, and it isn't our practice to pre-announce anything. All I can say is that we're excited with the continued interest in ENHANZE and whichever of these conversations we cross the finish line first. We're very excited and think it represents a great opportunity for patients, but also for Halozyme. Nicole, would you talk about the guidance?

Our guidance is driven by the strength of our royalties, and we continue to see royalties being very strong in our main royalty drivers, which are VYVGART Hytrulo, Phesgo, and Darzalex. I'll also point out, just recall that Darzalex and VYVGART Hytrulo both had new indications launching this year.

As you are aware, first-year launch estimates are notoriously hard to project exactly. That's where we're seeing the upside in reflecting that now, given that latest data trend in the full-year projections.

Thank you very much.

Hey, team. Thanks for taking the questions. I wanted to ask about forward guidance, of course. Recognizing that you only formally update the five-year guidance once a year, we're getting close to 2026. Wondering, with the strong momentum that we have been seeing quarter to quarter and the subsequent guidance raises for this year, how you're thinking about maintaining that growth into the next few quarters in 2026. Does the current trajectory suggest that the previous 2026 ranges might already be tracking towards the upper end of what was outlined earlier this year? Thanks.

Yeah. Thanks, Mitchell.

We will be able to provide more details on that early in 2026 when we are able to really collect all of our trends and input from our partners comes in towards the end of the year. More details to come, but we are tracking, as you can see, to exceed 2025 original expectations. We will be able to reflect the latest information when we give full-year guidance and update in the new year.

Okay. Great. The second one is just on how you're conducting outreach for prospective partners between ENHANZE and Hypercon. Are these parallel tracks, or how do you kind of discuss those with prospective partners?

Yes. Thanks, Mitch. At the moment, until the HSR review period is completed, our two businesses are operating separately.

We can have conversations about planning as to how we're going to operate together, but we do not share any information with regard to partners each of us is talking to or anything like that. I would expect upon completion and the close, which we do expect to happen in the fourth quarter, we will be in a position to have conversations and identify who's talking to whom. At this point in time, that's not something we are aware of or want to share. We're each pursuing our own separate conversations and targeted outreach. Again, each of the products works in a slightly different space. All of them are for subcutaneous delivery. ENHANZE is more focused towards the larger volume, which is often in the doctor's office or occasionally at home.

Whereas the opportunity with Elektrofi is a bit more focused at that at-home, potentially autoinjector delivery, because the volumes can be potentially reduced to as low as 2 ml. I would expect we may have. We're talking to the same companies, but probably not talking on exactly the same products, which is why this is such an attractive deal expanding our TAM because each of them is going to have a different best use case. That's what I expect to see when we're able to talk in more detail.

Great. Thank you. Congrats on an impressive quarter.

Thanks, Mitch.

Great. Thanks for taking our questions. Congrats from the core as well. Maybe just a couple of quick ones from us.

First, actually, on the autoinjector business, can you maybe just remind us what the development path there is looking like and how we should think about the economics and timing of that over the next couple of years? If you think that would be compatible with Hypercon or that would require something different with separate validation. Then just maybe quickly on the earlier pipeline, can you remind us when we can expect updates from the Viv and Acumen products? If you disclose anything about those economics, that we should make sure that we flag as we kind of try to think about royalties for the next wave of enhanced drugs. Thanks.

Yeah. Thanks, Brendan. With regard to the autoinjector business, the small-volume autoinjectors are obviously for products that are 2.25 ml or less. There is an immediate applicability and use with the Hypercon product if a partner is developing that.

Those are basically some customization that's possible. For a partner who wants to integrate it into their development, that's pretty straightforward. With the high-volume autoinjector, we have progressed to having very strong clinic-ready prototypes that are able to be integrated into development plans now. For a company who is wanting to use those, that is also going to be pretty straightforward for them to put into whatever clinical trial they're going to do to test it and start doing the development. The actual separate development you need for a device can all happen in parallel to the clinical development. You've got to do stability studies. It's usually human factor studies, but that is usually all happening in parallel to what's the traditional clinical pathway and integrated into single filing.

I would say we're in a great position for partners who want to use Hypercon to be using either small-volume or high-volume autoinjectors and integrating them immediately as soon as they want to be able to do them. On the economics, if you recall, for the autoinjectors, this is much more of a business model where for the small-volume autoinjector, it is generally a cost model where there's a certain charge per device. For the high-volume autoinjector, it will, because of the size of injection, need to be used with enhanced. We think of those as being associated with royalties because of the need to have enhanced use with them, but they will also come with a cost per device, adding additional revenue there. Brendan, did that answer your question on that? I can move to the pipeline.

It did. Yep. That'd be great. Thanks.

Okay.

With regard to the earlier pipeline, there have not been any public updates from ViiV or from Acumen in the last couple of quarters, and we are not in a position of being able to share any additional information. The last update from Acumen, as you probably are aware, was that they had finished their phase one testing, and that was great to see. They reported the results actually publicly, but we are awaiting being able to provide any updates beyond that. On the economics, when the deals were announced in the press releases, insofar as what was permitted to be made public, it does include some high-level description of the milestones and royalty structure of these agreements, Brendan.

I would recommend if you could maybe just go back and look at those. You will get a bit of color, not granular, but a bit of color that might be helpful.

Okay. Great. Thank you.

Thank you.

Hi. Good afternoon. Maybe following up on some of the BD commentary earlier, I guess, how do you think about whether you currently have the partnerships you need to drive revenue growth kind of into the next decade, particularly if some of the key products like Darzalex contracts terminate in that early 2030s period and given there is a five-year development timeline for new partner products? Thanks.

Yeah. Thanks, Corinne.

Let me start by saying for each of the products that are in our development, we kind of group them into three groups now. We have got the current blockbusters. I think what is the first thing to note about those is those products—and Nicole commented on it—VYVGART and Darzalex are having new indications every year at this point in time, which is super in terms of driving their continued growth for a period of time. We talked about Darzalex with smoldering multiple myeloma with first line, which is why, despite that being a product that has been in the market now for many, many years, it is still putting up 19%-20% year-over-year growth. We are excited to see that continue to grow for years to come.

VYVGART is a very interesting one. That is very early in its life cycle, and obviously, all the growth we are seeing today is driven by GMG and CIDP. Next year, as you're aware, there's going to be readouts in thyroid eye disease, ocular myasthenia gravis, myositis, and phase two data in systemic sclerosis. We think of VYVGART where we get royalties out to the 2040s as being an incredibly valuable growth engine for multiple years to come. If we go to the second block, which are the most recently launched ones, OCREVUS and Opdivo and Tecentriq and RYBREVANT, those are also just at the beginning of their growth trajectory where we expect growth for many years to come, given they are just at the start. In many of those cases, we've got royalties going out certainly well into the 2030s and in some instances into the 2040s.

That's another set of sustainable royalty revenue streams. Behind that, let's look to our development pipeline. The products that are in phase one, two, and three, they're going to have different timings for launch. Some of them potentially launching before 2028, other ones shortly after 2028. Again, another set of new royalty streams adding in in that. Your point of the five years really does say that for any new deals we sign now, which we're very actively working on and have new products starting next year, those have the potential to be launching in the early 2030s, adding once again new royalty revenue streams.

We continue to be very excited by these, not just Waves, which are a very important part of it, but within each several of our products, they are being developed in a way that is having them grow and grow beyond probably what we all saw initially because of the value of the new indications and the investments the companies are making to have these become truly mega blockbuster drugs. That's the way we think about it, and that's what we work towards, just wave upon wave of new royalty revenue.

Thank you.