Management Commentary

Bill D’Onofrio
VP of Investor Relations and Corporate Development, Greif

Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining Greif's fiscal fourth quarter 2025 earnings conference call. Today, our CEO, Ole Rosgaard, will provide a strategy and market update, followed by our CFO, Larry Hilsheimer, with a review of our financial results and 2026 guidance. Please turn to slide two. In accordance with regulation fair disclosure, please ask questions regarding topics you consider important because we are prohibited from discussing material non-public information with you on an individual basis.

During today's call, we will make forward-looking statements involving plans, expectations, and beliefs related to future events. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed. Additionally, we will be referencing certain non-GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP metrics that can be found in the appendix of today's presentation. Two important reporting clarifications for this quarter. First, our container board business was sold on August 31.

As such, that business is presented as discontinued operations for its one-month contribution to the quarter. Unless otherwise noted, all financial results and commentary discussed today will relate to continuing operations only. Second, due to our fiscal year-end change, Q4 reflects a two-month reporting period, August and September. For consistency, all prior year comparatives in today's presentation are also shown on a two-month basis for August and September. I'll now hand the call over to Ole on slide three.

Ole Rosgaard
CEO, Greif

Thanks, Bill, and thank you all for listening in today and for your interest in Greif. With the short 2025 fiscal year due to our fiscal year change, the two-month fourth quarter, the sale of our containerboard business this quarter, and the ongoing cost optimization program, we know there's a significant amount of change and noise for this quarter. This shows up in our tax results, which Larry will be discussing in a moment. Thank you for bearing with us. We are excited for the long-term earnings growth and value creation.

Our strategy is unlocking. We closed fiscal 2025 as a more focused, more agile, and more strategically aligned company than at any time in our history. Our transformation is accelerating, and the results are beginning to show. On October 1, we finalized the sale of our land management business, generating $462 million in proceeds.

Those funds were used immediately to reduce debt, and our pro forma leverage ratio is now under 1.0 times. We have entered fiscal 2026 with a meaningfully stronger balance sheet, with enhanced capital efficiency built for resilience. Together with the divestiture of our containerboard business in the fourth quarter, we have reshaped Greif's portfolio to concentrate our efforts where we have the greatest opportunity to grow EBITDA, expand margins, generate cash, reduce cyclability, and deliver durable returns for our shareholders.

We are pleased to report our latest Net Promoter Score survey result of 72. An improvement of 3 points from last year and further extending our world-class customer service performance. That improvement is a direct reflection of the trust our customers place in us and our ability to deliver for them.

The best companies build stronger relationships when things are difficult, and our NPS reflects our conviction that we will capture significant value when demand returns. As Larry will touch on in a moment, our full year 2026 guidance, despite being low-end, reflects continued earnings growth and a free cash flow conversion rate of 50%. Demonstrating our progress towards the long-term objectives laid out at Investor Day in December. We are proud of how we ended fiscal 2025, but even more energized by what lies ahead.

Our Build to Last strategy is firmly embedded in our organization. We are shaping and sharpening our portfolio, strengthening our balance sheet, and investing for sustainable growth. Please turn to slide four. Our commitment to value creation shows in how we manage cost. In fiscal 2025, we achieved $50 million in run rate savings from our cost optimization program.

More than double our stated full year 2025 commitments. To date, we have achieved approximately $15 million in savings related to network design and operating efficiency. This is not limited to strategic footprint actions. It also includes deploying AI solutions to reduce scrap and improve OEE. Strategic planning actions to minimize freight and maximize on-time deliveries, and structural improvements to our global procurement strategy. The remaining run rate savings are related to SG&A.

Our updated business model has enabled much more efficient decision-making. It has also led to difficult but necessary decisions to eliminate areas of redundant cost in the updated model. As of quarter end, we have eliminated approximately 8% of professional roles within the company, or 190 positions.

These changes have been carefully considered over this past year and were acted on in Q4 in a manner which allowed us to communicate to impacted colleagues our heartfelt appreciation for their contributions to Greif. These actions drove the significant acceleration beyond our previous full year 2025 commitments. Due to our progress to date, we are raising our anticipated fiscal 2026 cumulative cost-saving run rate commitment from $50 million-$60 million to $80 million-$90 million.

We will also expand our anticipated full year 2027 cumulative run rate commitment from $100 million to $120 million. Our cost optimization program has continued to evolve since the start of the year. What began as a top-down initiative is now being fueled from the ground up. Across the organization, our colleagues are embracing the challenge, identifying new opportunities, driving local action, and creating meaningful change.

This work is making Greif a more focused and agile organization, better positioned to capture value as demand returns. Importantly, this isn't just about taking cost out. It's about building an agile next-generation Greif. The Greif business system enables repeatable excellence across more than 250 sites in 40 countries, allowing us to do more with fewer resources.

We are removing unnecessary layers to empower local leaders and speed up decision-making, and we are embedding a mindset of efficiency, responsiveness, and value creation across every function and facility. This isn't a one-time initiative. It's a structural shift in how we operate, compete, and grow. Excuse me. Please turn to slide five. A significant finding from our cost optimization program, which is now realizable as the divestment of container board, are the clear and meaningful synergies in operating adhesives and recycled fiber as part of sustainable fiber solutions.

Larry Hilsheimer
CFO, Greif

Thank you, everyone. Or thank you, Ole. Hello, everyone. As a reminder, our results are presented excluding the container board divestment, except for free cash flow, which compares total operations to the prior year. Additionally, due to our fiscal year change, Q4 reflects a two-month reporting period, August and September. For consistency, all prior year comparatives in today's presentation are also shown on a two-month basis. Adjusted EBITDA for the quarter was $99 million, which was 7.4% above the prior year.

EBITDA margins also expanded year over year by 140 basis points due to better price cost across all segments and the building momentum of our cost optimization. Adjusted free cash flow also improved year over year by over 24.3% due to the increase in EBITDA and our team's strong working capital management to close the year.

As noted in our presentation, SG&A includes $28 million of operating costs specifically related to the container board divestment, which are excluded from EBITDA. Excluding these costs, SG&A was slightly above the prior year quarter due primarily to the two-month quarter, including certain annual or quarterly costs which were occurred over a shorter year. Adjusted EPS for the quarter was $0.01 relative to $0.59 in the prior year quarter.

Our Q4 tax expense was impacted by non-recurring items affecting pre-tax income and the residual nature of continuing operations after removing discontinued operations. Tax expense also includes various taxes either not based on income or not directly correlated to current period income, the impact of which is magnified due to the lower income reported in this two-month period. Finally, the tax expense was also influenced by the mix of earnings across the jurisdictions in which we do business.

Please turn to slide eight. In polymers, growth was led by small containers, consistent with our long-term strategic focus on less cyclical, margin accretive end markets. Sales and gross profit were both up year over year, with margin tailwinds from mixed pricing and operational discipline. In metals, results reflected volume softness in industrial end markets. Sales and volume declined, but we continued to generate healthy cash flow and remained focused on cost reduction and enhancing agility to react as demand recovered. In fiber, the decline in sales was tied to volume, with URB mill downtime late in the quarter.

Despite that, gross profit dollars and margin improved year over year due to continued benefits from price cost and tight cost management. Integrated solution sales and gross profit dollars declined year over year primarily due to lower published OCC prices in our recycled fiber group.

Volumes in recycled fiber and closures were both solid, and the product's MIC impact of closures led to higher gross margins year over year. Please turn to slide nine. Given the continued demand environment we are operating in, we believe it is prudent to present low-end guidance to begin fiscal 2026. Our low-end scenario assumes flat to low single-digit volume declines in metals and fiber. It also assumes low single-digit volume improvement in polymers and closures from growth in our target end markets.

The net impact of these volumes assumptions is flat volume-related EBITDA performance to prior year. Transportation and manufacturing costs were also assumed flat, representing cost savings on our cost optimization, offsetting normal inflationary cost increases. The two major positive drivers in our grid are SG&A and price cost, both of which reflect the accelerated progress on our cost optimization program.

SG&A of $45 million reflects $39 million of incremental cost optimization, of which $17 million is within the fiscal year 2025 run rate and $19 million is within the fiscal 2026 run rate, both of which are expected to benefit fiscal 2026. The additional $9 million represents lower variable costs, including incentives. Price cost reflects $12 million of incremental cost optimization.

This is primarily in the form of sourcing benefits in polymers and closures, while metals cost base is assumed flat. Price cost also reflects an $18 million incremental benefit of URB pricing recognized in fiscal 2025 and lower expected OCC cost. Lastly, to round out our grid, a $10 million EBITDA headwind from the lack of land management and a benefit of $7 million. Positive FX driven by the weakening of the US dollar. Our free cash flow.

Low-end guidance is $315 million, a 50% conversion ratio demonstrating our progress towards our long-term objectives. We expect to spend approximately $155 million on CapEx this year. Our lower cash interest cost reflects our strong balance sheet, and our other cash use includes approximately $40 million of cash restructuring related to the cost optimization, as well as pension cost.

Working capital assumes a source of $50 million, driven by both low-end volume assumptions and optimization gains. Please turn to slide 10. With our pro forma leverage below 1.0 and strong cash flow guidance of $315 million, we anticipate minimal cash needs for debt service costs in the year ahead. Similarly, after divesting our most capital-intensive business earlier this year, our maintenance CapEx needs are approximately $25 million lower.

Ole Rosgaard
CEO, Greif

Thank you again for your interest in Greif. We acknowledge that the last 11 months have been bumpy given all the change occurring, and that showed up in this quarter in our tax results. As always, my commitment to you is transparency and candor. We are proud of how we finished fiscal 2025: more focused, more efficient, and more aligned with our long-term strategy.

We are also excited for a cleaner outlook in full year 2026 and will continue to communicate progress on our strategy with as much clarity as possible. The divestments of container board and land management have meaningfully reshaped our business. We are now positioned with a sharper portfolio, lower capital intensity, and stronger financial flexibility than ever before. Our cost optimization program is ahead of plan and with an expanded $120 million commitment by the end of 2027.

We are building a stronger business, one that creates value in any environment and delivers accelerating performance as volumes return. Thank you for your continued support. Operator, please open the lines for questions.

Analyst Q&A

Ghansham Panjabi — Analyst, Baird
Hey, guys. Good morning.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Morning, Ghansham.
Ghansham Panjabi — Analyst, Baird
Morning. I guess first off on polymers and your comments about growth and some of the target markets that you've realigned towards, can you just give us some more color on that, Ole? I mean, many of these end markets you referenced, ag and flavors, etc., are still quite challenged just based on what's happening. At the CPG level, etc. What is driving that improvement? Is it share gains? Is it just commercial success? What's going on there?
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Yeah. Let me first, Gansham, give you some sort of general comments. Our macro environment is, as you know, in a prolonged down cycle, and that's amplified by trade and tariff uncertainties. Demand softness remains a major driver for our customers' demands. For example, weak end markets in construction and manufacturing are hurting volumes. In terms of the ag sector, we decided, as part of our build-to-last strategy, to go into or invest in end segments that grow faster than GDP.
One of them was the agrochemicals market that is serviced by small containers and jerrycans, and we consolidated that market to become a global leader. That has really paid off, and it is in that market particularly we have seen significant growth. When you look at these factors, our operational excellence, cost discipline, cost out program, and all the actions we just mentioned. That means that portfolio has become even more valuable to us in the near term.
Ghansham Panjabi — Analyst, Baird
Got it. In terms of fiscal year 2026 guidance, specific to EBITDA, how should we think about the sequencing of that on a year-over-year basis? Is it sort of flat to down in the first half and then an improvement in the back half? What is your baseline assumption at this point?
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Ghansham, as usual, the first quarter will be the weakest, and let's talk about it, roughly 20% of the year, and then the rest of the quarters will be 25%-30% each, sort of modeled the same way after. Prior year.
Ghansham Panjabi — Analyst, Baird
Got it. And then just one final one, Larry, as it relates to the low-end, if you will, guidance characterization, is it just purely volumes that would be determined as it relates to maybe the upper-end bandwidth? Is that how we should think about that?
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
I think volumes would be the big driver for certain, but also we have found acceleration in our cost optimization program. As Ole mentioned in his prepared remarks, this is really catching fire among our colleagues, and we have a program of identifying ideas from the ground up. We also think there is upside in our cost optimization numbers for the year as well.
Ghansham Panjabi — Analyst, Baird
Got it. Thanks so much.
Michael Roxland — Analyst, Truist Securities
Thank you, Ole, Larry, Bill, Dan, for taking my questions and congrats on all the progress.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Thanks, Michael.
Ghansham Panjabi — Analyst, Baird
Just wanted to follow up on Ghansham's question in terms of the '26 guide. Larry, if volumes come in weaker, because certainly we've heard about weaker volumes from a majority of our companies this earnings season thus far, is cost the leverage that you have available to pull to offset incremental volume weakness to meet your guide for '26?
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Yeah, I would say two things. The bottom-line answer to your question is yes. We can always pull back further on shifts and temporary furloughs and those kinds of things. However, this is what we said. It is low-end guidance. This is pretty pessimistic on the volume assumptions already. We do not anticipate that being an item, Michael, but yes, we still could pull incremental levels on a variable cost basis if we needed to.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Hey, Michael. Just to remind you that throughout the year, pricing has been under pressure, and that is due to oversupply and weak demand. Despite that, we have increased our margins and performed solidly. I do not think that will change going into 2026.
Michael Roxland — Analyst, Truist Securities
Got it. Very helpful. In terms of the cost optimization program, as you guys have raised that for $27 by $20 million. As you've gone through the portfolio, can you comment on whether there's even more upside to be had or additional cost opportunities that you've come across that maybe you haven't specified right now, but you've really scrutinized and you think that even there is an additional amount above and beyond the incremental $20 million?
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Obviously, our sights are much further and much higher, but we use the word commitment here. At the moment, we are very, very comfortable committing to the $120 million we talked about. Obviously, as Larry just alluded to, that number could go up as we go through the year. We want to get a little bit closer before we would be able to increase our commitments. We are very bullish about that. Yeah, Mike, we have a stage gate process where there is a lot of discipline before we get to something we classify in stage gate three and four, which is where we are more certain. Yeah, we believe there is potential upside.
Michael Roxland — Analyst, Truist Securities
Got it. Then final questions before turning it over. Last quarter, you mentioned a few times on the call that some of your larger chemicals companies, our customers, excuse me, are not doing so well. You see that through even in earnings. Your IBC volumes declined mid-single digits this quarter. They were down mid-single digits last quarter and have been weak for some time now. Now, realizing that chemicals is a cyclical business, have any of those customers indicated to you that they intend to maybe close capacity permanently or right-size their businesses? If so, what does that ultimately mean for your IBC business longer term?
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
I mean, as I said. Demand softness is out there as a major driver for our customers. They have adjusted their business. A lot of them are relying, in terms of chemicals, on construction and manufacturing as end markets. I do not think that it will get any worse. That is my personal opinion when I speak to customers and see the numbers. The big question is, when will it get better? We are not sitting here waiting for it to get better. As you have seen. We are acting. We are highly focused on organic growth.
We are deploying capital for organic growth in the specific segments that we have alluded to. We are taking cost out of our business. Our business is generating a lot of cash, and we are doing our share buyback of $150 million. We are helping ourselves. We are controlling what we can control. We're not in a waiting position. Of course, when volumes return, that would be nice, and we will take that as an extra benefit.
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Yeah, Michael, I would supplement Ole's comments. If this makes sense, we're hearing less bad comments. Less bad than they were. The other thing that's somewhat encouraging is the trending down of mortgage rates. As most housing industry analysts, investors believe that if you get with a five-something interest rate, pent-up demand in existing home sales will take off. That's a big driver for the chemical companies and therefore for us. Yeah, we're encouraged by the two-times rate cuts we've seen. It's not going to change anything overnight. If we see more rate cuts, it will have a positive effect on demand, we believe.
Michael Roxland — Analyst, Truist Securities
Got it. Very clear. Appreciate the color and good luck in fiscal 2026.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Thank you, Michael. Thanks.
Matthew Roberts — Analyst, Raymond James
Hey, Ole, Larry, good morning. Appreciate the color.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Good morning.
Matthew Roberts — Analyst, Raymond James
Can you hear me okay?
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Yes. Yes.
Matthew Roberts — Analyst, Raymond James
Okay. Great. Yeah, thanks for the color. It's good to see the cost coming through and all your color on capital allocation and on capital allocation. Balance sheet's in a great spot. You initiated the open market repurchase for $150 million. Given that low leverage and the now newly discussed long-term repurchasing intentions of, I believe it was 2% per year, does that change how much capacity remains for M&A or has the hurdle rate for M&A changed versus your view of, I think what you said was stock offering compelling value? All those things considered, where do you expect leverage to shake out by year-end 2026?
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Let me just answer the first one, and then Larry will deal with the leverage one. On M&A, I mean, first of all, our focus is on growing much faster organically. We are deploying CapEx for that. We have a number of areas we have invested in for organic growth. In terms of M&A, we've said many times we have a very solid pipeline. We keep working on the pipeline. We don't expect any transformational M&A to happen. We have our focus on what we call target M&A to complement what we're doing organically. Our criteria, they remain the same. We are looking at M&A with EBITDA margins in the 20s, 50% free cash flow conversion, and primarily within polymers and primarily within the closure segments.
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Yeah. You might want to supplement that. Ole, maybe talk to the group about hunters and farmers and also about IonKraft, maybe. Yeah. We have reorganized our entire commercial organization globally. From being, we've been farmers in the past and taking really good care of our existing customers, but we've changed that to become more hunters now. We've changed the incentive program. We've changed the way we operate commercially. We are targeting around 8% organic growth.
That part is securing additional volume, extra share of wallet, but it's also deploying CapEx in terms of new capacity where we see that. We have also invested in a new, it started off as a startup out of a university in Germany. We created a partnership with this startup, and we are now investing in that, and we are deploying a very unique proprietary form of barrier technology that only we have. We're just ramping that up right now. We have three lines on order, and we are negotiating further lines. This is something that's exclusive to us. We will see that start to come through towards the end of 2026 and really ramping up in 2027.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Yeah. Matt, purpose of that, obviously, the focus that we are really driving a different growth pattern than we have in the past. Relative to our leverage ratio, we're obviously in a really good place. With the free cash flow generation that we're talking about, I think it's very highly likely, even with our stock repurchase and things we do, very highly likely we'll remain under one and a half times by the end of next year. It's possible if some things came up that were attractive, we'd be higher than that, but I don't see any scenario where we'd be over two at any chance. Really, we'll remain in that range for the foreseeable future.
Matthew Roberts — Analyst, Raymond James
Very helpful. Thank you both for all the color there. Second on the closures, so isolating that as a standalone segment, Ole, I know you did touch on this prepared remark, so I apologize if I missed any of that. Are there operational changes here or more of a symbolic shift as closures have been a growth focus? Now with as lower recycled fiber has been a drag on the margins and integrated solutions, how should we think about the margin profile and growth of that segment going forward? Thank you again for taking the questions.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
I mean closure has always been very attractive for us. It's a unique part of our business that comes with very high and attractive margins. There's a lot of growth opportunities out in the market for closures. For example, with the three acquisitions we made in polymers, most of them were using closures from other companies than our own. There was a big synergy there we were executing on.
Closures, we separated that out now in a separate segment, really, to put extreme focus on this segment. We have a new leader in that business as well. His focus will be growth, M&A growth, but importantly, also organic growth. We will deploy CapEx accordingly to that. Hopefully, you will see us in the many quarters to come growing that segment significantly.
Matthew Roberts — Analyst, Raymond James
Excellent. Thank you all again.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Thanks so much. Hi, everyone. Good morning. Thanks for joining us, guys. Hey, I just want to give you some credit here. Buy Sell or Hold, the company has really done a wonderful job transforming itself over the last 10 years. Moving to a more, if you will, common fiscal quarter end, I think, really helps everybody on the street. We thank you for that, guys. We know it was not an easy undertaking.
Thanks so much for that. I guess my first question, can you talk about, Larry and Ole, the growth rates that you saw relative to your guidance entering fiscal 2026? I assume your assumptions are consistent with what the exit rates are, but were there any exit rates that were maybe trending below what is embedded in your guidance, recognizing you have got a lot of levers to pull, etc., as was talked about earlier on the call?
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Yeah. I mean, when you look across our portfolio within the fiber segment. Probably one of the weakest lines that we had is our fiber drums. So fiber drums were down double digits, which was more than we expected them to be down. We expected them to be down less than that, high single digits. That was a trend that was worse. On the other hand, small polymers did better than we expected. Those were the two primary ones that were different than our expectations going into the quarter, George.
Our guidance going forward is essentially aligned to what we started to see. In our low-end guidance, as we said, we have got low single digit up on polymers and on closures, with more in the small polymers than in the large polymers. Within metals and fiber, we have got slow, low single digit declines just as a low-end guidance assumption.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Understood. Okay. Thanks for that. You're saying drums at this juncture, fiber drums, those have gotten back to kind of your guidance range, or even though they started pretty weak, would that be fair?
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
No, they're just really off right now. It is all tied to the whole chemical industry sector. Yeah, we're not bullish on any kind of significant growth in that one right now.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Okay. Thanks for that, Larry. I was hoping you could go a little bit further into the SG&A pickup that you're expecting for this year. Again, thank you for the bridge and the discussion on the $45 million. Can you talk about what's in sort of the activity that you took in from fiscal 2025 into fiscal 2026? What, if anything, is different about what's in for this year on the fiscal 2026 actions? Just any other color on the $45 million would be great.
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Yeah. The predominance of our SG&A takeouts are related to the headcount numbers that Ole gave on the 8% of our overall professional headcount. The majority of those actions were taken in the fourth quarter. They play out into the entire year going forward.
We also have a lot of things where we've moved more things to low-cost countries. We've also taken in where we had contractors in our IT organization that you think are temporary, and then all of a sudden they're around eight years. You're better off to hire them as employees, and then you're better off to offshore things. Our IT group has also done a fabulous job of rationalizing our IT licenses, which is a significant cost. We've restructured how we're doing our AI activities and going to a model that's basically pay for what you eat instead of a basic core per person license. There is a whole bunch of elements that go into those cost saves. Those are the predominant ones that are driving the major numbers.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Okay. On that point, Larry and Ole, you talk about changing the incentives and the approach to organic growth in the organization. That sounds exciting. At the same time, for understandable reasons, and to benefit because you're getting savings from it, you're cutting headcount. Are there any areas where you're maybe a little bit more, maybe word's not the right term, but you've got to stretch a little bit further to get everything done on the front end of the business while you're re-engineering the back end? Any tension points there?
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Not really, George. I mean, we decided not to do the SG&A as like a thousand needles. That's why we took the actions in Q4 to get most of that behind us. In terms of the commercial organization, we have by and large protected that because we're really focusing on organic growth, although we have been rearranging that, as you say, with the incentive program. We are doing a lot of other things there as well in terms of how we manage performance in sales. I mean, Tim Bergwall, who's our Chief Commercial Officer, he's just doing a fantastic job with his team to do that. It does not happen overnight, and we still got a long way to go in that area.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Okay. My last question, a couple of parts, and I'll turn it over out of courtesy. Sorry, I've gone long here. One, I assume the pricing change in integrated/closure is just the effect of OCC, but can you talk about what the pricing change was actually within closures? Given you've done a lot of other things to simplify the organization, any thought perhaps at some point to simplifying the share structure between the Class A and Class B?
And then lastly, with great resources and everything you've done to have the balance sheet where it is, comes great responsibility. Where are your customers telling you they'd like you to most sort of grow inorganically from an end market standpoint so that you get the highest return going forward? Thanks, guys. Good luck in the quarter. Appreciate all the details again.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
That was a lot of questions.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Yeah. We've been doing this a while.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Yeah. I don't remember. Yeah. I think the first one was the price impacts on the integrated segment between R&G and closures. Yeah. First of all, the reason for why we put the recycled fiber group and adhesives into the fiber solutions group was that they're serving that group. It's the same customer, and the adhesives is going into fiber also amongst customers. To have that managed by the same leader made sense. That was part of that. As part of that, we could take out a leadership level. That left sort of integrated as a standalone closure business.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Ole, what was the price change in closures, really what I'm asking?
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Yeah, the price change in closures, George, was basically $12 million of benefit from procurement activities. And that was in the polymers and closure. That's the segment. It's not the OCC side of it.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Okay. Thank you.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
With respect to share structure, I mean, that's something that we continue to dialogue and look at, but nothing in the near term on anything like that. What was the third question?
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Where are your customers telling you to?
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Where are our customers? Yeah. On non-organic. Basically, I mean, our customers like us to serve them in any of their needs that they have. So us getting broader in closures where we might be able to serve more of their needs. Clearly, they've enjoyed us getting more into the small plastics that we didn't used to serve on a global basis. That's been a positive.
There's nothing else that they're out there asking us to get into right now other than the one Ole went over on IonKraft, which is just a brand new technology that is more highly recyclable, very favorable environmentally. We just had UN approval on the first container with this stuff in. It's a very unique opportunity for us. George, just a reminder that our NPS of 72 is just unheard of in our industry.
That gives you an idea of how close we are to our customers. I'll mention an unnamed customer who has been establishing new plants in several countries. Every time they do that, and this is a multinational, they come to us and ask if we could provide capacity on that particular location. We go in, we do a long-term agreement, and then we add lines or build a plant to service them. That is an example of what customers ask us for and how close we are to them.
George Staphos — Analyst, Bank of America Securities
Okay. Thank you, guys. See you next quarter.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Thanks, George.
Gabe Hady — Analyst, Wells Fargo
Thank you. Good morning, gentlemen. I had a question about the durable metals business, which is now going to be your largest. And if memory serves, I don't know, 40-45% of that sits in Europe. Not to put you guys on the spot, but looking at a decent list of chemical plant closures across continental Europe, Eastern Europe, etc., I know you're talking about volumes being down, I think flat to down low single digits.
Can you talk about just maybe, I know by region. Historically kind of gave us performance in the legacy segments, things have been changed around a little bit. I think you mentioned in your prepared remarks, Europe slowed down. Maybe just by region, sort of what your expectations are in that.
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Yeah. I would say that's interesting. It's actually been a little bit astounding to us. For example, the North American steel business has been down similar levels to EMEA quarter by quarter. On a two-year stack, EMEA steel was actually up every quarter this year. Every single quarter.
They've consistently performed better than North America. Yeah. We have also asked, and when customers reduce capacity, we do the same. I mean, where plants where we have been operating a two-shift, we now have gone down to one shift as an example. We do that because we're managing that business for cash, basically. The closures that have happened, they have already been factored into our production capacity.
Gabe Hady — Analyst, Wells Fargo
Okay. I guess the second question is kind of revisiting a little bit on the M&A front. Is there a scenario where maybe there are just kind of some tuck-ins along the way? I think, Larry, you said you don't really envision a situation where you're above two times levered. Between now and 2027, I didn't see the billion dollars reiterated. Again, I know it's tough when you're moving assets around, but is that still explicitly sort of the target, given sort of what you know about the M&A environment right now?
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
Yeah. I mean, for us, on that, Gabe, I mean, it's still our objective to get there, but we're not going to solely deploy capital to get there. If you just walk through, we gave low-end guidance. Obviously, our hope is that we do better than our low-end guidance. If you take the 630 and you then look at our 120 commitment, that's another 45. You're already up to 675. We're hoping you see industrial volume recovery.
Obviously, that's a big component. It's been a component of our original stack was 140. I mean, those things get you up to 815. We do some tuck-in acquisitions. We invest in organic CapEx and IonKraft and other opportunities. We still think there's a path to get there. It's not like, okay, we're going to go chase M&A to get there and risk doing bad deals. We're just not going to do that. The 140 are largely intact in terms of going back to the 2022 volumes.
Gabe Hady — Analyst, Wells Fargo
Yep. All right. Thank you.
Larry Hilsheimer — CFO, Greif
All right, Gabe. Thank you.
Ole Rosgaard — CEO, Greif
Thank you. Thank you for joining us today. Our disciplined focus on margin expansion, cash generation, and reducing cyclability is delivering meaningful high-quality returns for our shareholders, further validating your investment and confidence in Greif. We really appreciate your time and your partnership. Thank you.
Source: GREIF, INC earnings call transcript (2025-11-06). Management commentary and analyst Q&A are reproduced as delivered; speaker roles as stated on the call.

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